Daniel Kobayashi

Strawman

Fabricating, Exagerrating, Misrepresenting a persons argument to diminish it and promote your own as reasonable.

Daniel says we should have fairer wages for everyone.

Henry is astonished that Daniel just said he wanted to pay everyone in a country a million pounds when the economy could not survive such a burden.

Daniel shakes his head and realises he is talking to an idiot.

Texas Sharpshooter

Cherry picking data to support your argument.

Tom looks at Daniels website and sees a single funny paragraph and concludes that science is not real and a joke.

Personal Incredulity

If you do not understand something it does not mean it is not true. It means you do not understand it.

Daniel states the Earth was created from a cloud of dust and gas particles.

Emma says how stupid do you have to be to think that the Earth came from a ball of gas.

False Cause/Correlation does not equal causation

Thinking one thing is the cause of the other may not be correct.

Henry states that house prices have been increasing and so have the number of penguins at the zoo therefore penguins are increasing house prices.

Daniel shakes his head and points out penguins do not buy houses.

Emotional Manipulation

Using emotions to manipulate the argument in your favoured outcome.

Daniel tells Jill he does not want to go to that particular restaurant. Jill tells Daniel if he does not go Jill will go without him, buy the meal for him and throw it out of the window and the food will go to waste.

The Slippery Slope

If A happens then B will happen so we should not do A.

Henry states that by allowing women to vote, we will next be allowing animals to vote.

Daniel states that women have every right to vote, as sex is irrelavent to a persons instrinsic rights.

Ad Hominem attack

Instead of relying on logical argument you attack a persons character. Discredit them and undermine their argument.

Daniel states that lots of crime is happening, lots of inequality, services are failing and people need help.

Emma says Daniel should not try to be so clever, should not go around telling people he works in Technology and is very good at it.

Tu Quoque

Instead of responding to the criticism you answer it with criticism ie hypocrisy or a double standard.

Henry says he does not want park on yellow lines or he will get a parking ticket.

Julie says you have over a hundred parking tickets, one more will not hurt.

The Double Fallacy

If someone makes a claim which is false but uses a logical argument to try and prove it, it does not mean it is true..

Henry says that there is lots of crime happening because everyone is complaining about it.

Peter states everyone complaining about something is a fallacy as that is correlation without causation or false cause therefore Henry's overall argument is false. However there still could be lots of crime happening.

Special Pleading

Instead of giving a valid argument you move the goalposts when proven wrong.

Daniel says there is no scientific argument or proof to your claim. You cannot read peoples minds or read their bodies energy with your mind.

Paul says he can read peoples minds and know everything about them in a single instant. Pauls says he cannot do it just now becuase the moon is not in the right position.

Loaded Question

You ask a question that contains a statement that is not proven to be true.

Henry asks "Daniel How often do you beat your wife.

Daniel states What wife? He is not married.

Burden of Proof

You say the person making the claim does not have to prove it, Someone else has to disprove it.

Nathan states there are Leprechauns living in his house.

Daniel states there are not Leprechauns living in his Nathans house..

Nathan states that Daniels has not been to Nathans house so its true.

Ambiguity

Using unclear language or misleading statements with multple meanings to intentionally lie.

Nathan says he works at the bank cleaning trash from the river.

Gambler's Fallacy

Coins have no memory so if there were 10 heads in a row the next may still be a head or tail. It is always heads or tails or sometimes landing on the edge.

Nathan thinks that the last 50 roulette spins all landed on red so the next one must be black.

Jumping on the Bandwagon

If a lot of people are saying something it is not necessarily true.

Emma says the planet Mars influences her fate. .

Appeal to Authority

Stating that becuase someone else agrees to the same opinion, it means it is true even though the Authority might be wrong.

Henry states that the TV News host agrees that the Earth is flat.

Subdivision

An statement that is valid for one part may not apply to the whole.

Nathan says bricks are rectangular so they can only make rectangular houses.

No True Scotsman

Arguing that a generalisation can be used to dismiss a criticism and modifying the initial claim.

Emma states all landlords are honest. Then why are so many comitting fraud? They are not TRUE landlords.

Genetic/Origin

Claiming that something or someones origins makes a claim true or false.

Nathan states he was not guilty of lying because he is a doctor and doctors do not lie.

Black or White

There are only two possible outcomes with nothing in between.

Emma states that you are either with her or on the side of the opoosition.

Begging the Question/Circular Reasoning

You argue the conclusion is the premise leading to circular reasoning.

Nathan states he is a potato because this document he wrote says that he is a potato.

Appealling to Nature

It is natural so it is good.

Nathan says that unnatural things such as computers are bad for you.

Anecdotal

Using a personal experience as a valid argument.

Nathan says his lawyer was great so that must mean all lawyers are great.

Texas Sharpshooter

Cherry picking data to support your argument.

Tom looks at Daniels website and sees a single funny paragraph and concludes that science is not real and a joke.

Middle Ground

The middle point between two opoosing views is the truth

Nathan says vaccines cause autism but Tom says they do not so Nathan says some vaccines caused autism.